发布时间：2024-04-19 07:34:41
您好！关于西班牙简单介绍，许多朋友对于此还不太了解，不过不用担心，因为今天我将为大家分享一些关于西班牙简单介绍的知识点，希望能解决您的疑惑。如果您对西班牙简单介绍有任何问题或需要更多了解，我会尽力帮助您。
西班牙语考级等级划分为六个等级:a1,a2,b1,b2,c1,c2。
a1，a2为基础入门级别，b1,b2为高级进阶级别，c1,c2为流利进阶级别。
介绍如下：
1. 西班牙语a1水平是六个等级中的第一级，是系统学习的第一步，能够理解和使用非常基本的句子进行简单的交流。初学者一般需要60-70学习可以达到，具体还需要看个人的掌握情况。
拥有西班牙语a1级证书的人员，能够运用简单的短语和句子完成简单的日常交流;能够介绍自己和他人，提问和回答个人问题，并在对方表达缓慢而清晰的情况下进行简单交流。
2. 西班牙语a2水平是第2个级别，即中级水平。学习者将掌握基础会话能力，达到留学预科基本语言要求。
拥有西班牙语a2级证书的人员将能够使用西班牙语进行日常对话，如购物、问路、点菜、预订酒店、会见朋友等。能够进行非常简单的日常工作，并满足在西班牙语留学(预科学校)的基本语言要求。
3. 西班牙语b1水平是第三级别，属于西班牙语中高级水平，能进行日常交流。
拥有西班牙语b1级证书的人员，可以去西语国家读预科，应对基本工作;可以独立运用西班牙语表达自己的观点，并可以运用基本句式进行交流。
4. 西班牙语b2水平是第四级别，属于高级水平。学习者搭建完成了语法体系，达到工作、学习高阶应用水平。
达到西班牙语b2水平意味着学习者可以轻松地与母语为西班牙语的人交流。能够积极参与其专业领域的西班牙语技术讨论;能够在广泛的主题上用西班牙语写清楚、详细的文件;能够理解复杂的书面文件和内容。
5. 西班牙语c1水平是第5级别，属于流利水平，学习者可以达到听说读写融会贯通。
达到西班牙语c1水平可以阅读理解长篇文章内容，流利自如地表达自己的观点，拥有广泛的文学知识及口语词汇量，并能够把西班牙语熟练地运用于专业性的工作和学习中。
6. 西班牙语c2水平是第六个等级，该等级的学习者可以达到其母语水平。
达到西班牙语c2水平拥有者能毫不费力地理解看到及听到的所有信息;能在复杂的情况下流利、准确、并即兴地表达自己的意见;能理解多种知识领域中高难度的长篇文章，并抓到隐藏其中的深意。
分类: 教育/科学 >> 外语学习
问题描述:
关于西班牙的英文演讲文 词汇简单点的 适合演讲时间在6到7分钟的 介绍西班牙的首都 人口 人文风俗 特点地理位置等等．
解析:
spain, officially the kingdom of spain (spanish: reino de españa, short form: españa[1]), is a country located in southern europe, with o *** all exclaves in north africa (both bordering morocco). spain is a democracy which is anized as a parliamentary monarchy. it is a developed country with the ninth-largest economy in the world.[2] it is the largest of the three sovereign nations that make up the iberian peninsula—the others are portugal and the microstate of andorra.
to the west and to the south of galicia, spain borders portugal. to the south, it borders gibraltar (belonging to the uk) and, through its cities in north africa (ceuta and melilla), morocco. to the northeast, along the pyrenees mountain range, it borders france and the tiny principality of andorra. it also includes the balearic islands in the mediterranean sea, the canary islands in the atlantic ocean and a number of uninhabited islands on the mediterranean side of the strait of gibraltar, known as plazas de soberanía, such as the chafarine islands, the isle of alborán, the "rocks" (peñones) of vélez and alhucemas, and the tiny isla perejil. in the northeast along the pyrenees, a *** all exclave town called llívia in catalonia is surrounded by french territory.
the term spain (españa in spanish) es from the name as the romans knew it in latin: hispania.
the earliest records of hominids living in europe to date has been found in the spanish cave of atapuerca which has bee a key site for world paleontology due to the importance of the fossils found there, dated roughly 1,000,000 years ago.
modern humans in the form of cro-magnons began arriving in the iberian peninsula from north of the pyrenees some 35,000 years ago. the more conspicuous sign of prehistoric human settlements are the famous paintings in the northern spanish altamira (cave), which were done ca. 15,000 bce and are regarded, along with those in lascaux, france, as paramount instances of cave art.
the earliest urban culture documented is that of the semi-mythical southern city of tartessos, pre- 1100 bce. the seafaring phoenicians, greeks and carthaginians successively settled along the mediterranean coast and founded trading colonies there over a period of several centuries. around 1100 bce, phoenician merchants founded the trading colony of gadir or gades (modern day cádiz) near tartessos. in the 9th century bce the first greek colonies, such as emporion (modern empúries), were founded along the mediterranean coast on the east, leaving the south coast to the phoenicians. the greeks are responsible for the name iberia, apparently after the river iber (ebro in spanish). in the 6th century bce the carthaginians arrived in iberia while struggling first with the greeks and shortly after with the romans for control of the western mediterranean. their most important colony was carthago nova (latin name of modern day cartagena).
the native peoples which the romans met at the time of their invasion in what is now known as spain were the iberians, inhabiting from the southwest part of the peninsula through the northeast part of it, and then the celts, mostly inhabiting the north and northwest part of the peninsula. in the inner part of the peninsula, where both groups were in contact, a mixed, distinctive, culture was present, the one known as celtiberian.
[edit] roman empire and germanic invasions
main article: hispania
roman bridge in cordobathe romans arrived in the iberian peninsula during the second punic war in the 2nd century bce, and annexed it under augustus after o centuries of war with the tenacious celtic and iberian tribes (from whom they copied the short sword known as falcata). these, along with the phoenician, greek and carthaginian coastal colonies, became the province of hispania. it was divided into hispania ulterior and hispania citerior during the late roman republic; and, during the roman empire, hispania taraconensis in the northeast, hispania baetica in the south and lusitania (province with capital in the city of emerita augusta) in the southwest.
hispania supplied rome with food, olive oil, wine and metal. the emperors trajan, hadrian, marcus aurelius and theodosius i, the philosopher seneca and the poets martial, quintilian and lucan were born in spain. the spanish bishops held the council at elvira in 306. the collapse of the western roman empire did not lead to the same wholesale destruction of western classical society as happened in areas like britain, gaul and germania inferior during the dark ages, even if the institutions, infrastructure and economy did suffer considerable degradation. spain's present languages, its religion, and the basis of its laws originate from this period. the centuries of uninterrupted roman rule and settlement left a deep and enduring imprint upon the culture of spain.
the first hordes of barbarians to invade hispania arrived in the 5th century, as the roman empire decayed. the tribes of goths, visigoths, swebians (suebi), alans, asdings and vandals, arrived to spain by crossing the pyrenees mountain range. they were all of germanic origin. this led to the establishment of the swebian kingdom in gallaecia, in the northwest, and the visigothic kingdom elsewhere. (for a while, the germans lived under their law while the much more numerous spaniards continued more or less to live under roman law.) the visigothic kingdom eventually enpassed the entire iberian peninsula with the roman catholic conversion of the goth monarchs. the famous horseshoe arch, which was adapted and perfected by the later muslim era builders was in fact originally an example of visigothic art.
[edit] muslim iberia
main article: al-andalus
in the 8th century, nearly all the iberian peninsula, which had been under visigothic rule, was quickly conquered (711–718), by mainly berber muslims (see moors), who had crossed over from north africa, led by tariq ibn ziyad. visigothic spain was the last of a series of lands conquered in a great wesard charge by the islamically inspired armies of the umayyad empire. indeed they continued northwards until they were defeated in central france at the battle of tours in 732. astonishingly the invasion started off as an invitation from a visigoth faction within spain for support. but instead the moorish army, having defeated king roderic proceeded to conquer the peninsula for itself. the roman catholic populace, unimpressed with the constant internal feuding of the visigothic leaders, often stood apart from the fighting, often weling the new rulers, thereby fing the basis of the distinctly spanish-muslim culture of al-andalus. only three *** all counties in the mountains of the north of spain managed to cling to their independence: asturias, navarra and aragon, which eventually became kingdoms.
the age of the islamic empirethe muslim emirate proved strong in its first three centuries; stopping charlemagne's massive forces at saragossa and, after a serious viking attack, established effective defences. indeed it became a terror in its own right to christian neighbours, with its "al-jihad fil-bahr" (holy war at sea). christian spain struck back from its mountain redoubts by seizing the lands north of the duero river, and the franks were able to seize barcelona (801) and the spanish marches), but save for these and some other *** all incursions in the north, the christians were unable to make headway against the superior forces of al-andalus for several centuries. it was only in the 11th century that the break up of al-andalus led to the creation of the taifa kingdoms, who attempted to outshine each other in art and culture and were often at war, became vulnerable to the consolidating power of spain's christian kingdoms.
the moorish capital was córdoba, in southern spain. during this time large populations of jews, christians and muslims lived in close quarters, and at its peak some non-muslims were appointed to high offices under the some of the more lenient muslim rulers. at its best it produced exquisite architecture and art, and muslim and jewish scholars played a major part in reviving the tradition of classical greek philosophy, mathematics and science in western europe, whilst making their own contributions to it. however, there were restrictions on non-muslims that grew after the death of al-hakam ii in 976. later invasions of stricter muslim groups led to persecutions of non-muslims, forcing some (including muslim scholars) to seek safety in the then still relatively tolerant city of toledo after its christian reconquest in 1085.
interior of the mezquita in córdoba, a muslim mosque.spanish society under muslim rule became increasingly plex, partly because islamic conquest did not involve the systematic conversion of the much larger conquered population to islam. at the same time, christians and jews were recognized under islam as "peoples of the book", and so given dhimmi status. most importantly, the islamic berber and arab invaders were a *** all minority, ruling over several million christians. thus, christians and jews were free to practise their religion, but faced certain restrictions and financial burdens. conversion to islam proceeded at a steadily increasing pace, as it offered social and economic and political advantages. merchants, nobles, large landowners, and other local elites were usually among the first to convert. by the 11th century muslims are believed to have outnumbered christians in al-andalus.
the muslim munity in spain was itself diverse and beset by social tensions. from the beginning, the berber people of north africa had provided the bulk of the armies, clashed with the arab leadership from the middle east. the berbers, who were paratively recent converts to islam, resented the aristocratic pretensions of the arab elite. they soon gave up attempting to settle the harsh lands of the north of the meseta central handed to them by the arab rulers, and many returned to africa during a berber uprising against arab rule. however, the berbers later took over power and muslim spain fell under the rule of the almoravid and then the almohad dynasties, amongst others. over time the relatively tiny number of moors gradually increased with immigration and cross marriages. large moorish populations grew, most notably in the south in the guadalquivir river valley, and in the east, along the fertile mediterranean coastal plain and in the ebro river valley.
muslim spain was wealthy and sophisticated under islamic rule. cordoba was the richest and most sophisticated city in all of western europe. it was not until the 12th century that western medieval christiandom began to reach parable levels of sophistication, and this was due in part to the stimulus ing from muslim spain. mediterranean trade and cultural exchange flourished. muslims imported a rich intellectual tradition from the middle east and north africa, including knowledge of mathematics and science, that they helped revive. crops and farming techniques introduced by the arabs, led to a remarkable expansion of agriculture, which had been in decline since roman times. in towns and cities magnificent mosques, palaces, and other monuments were constructed. outside the cities, the mixture of large estates and *** all farms that existed in roman times remained largely intact because muslim leaders rarely dispossessed landowners. the muslim conquerors were relatively few in number and so they tried to maintain good relations with their subjects. this relative social peace, which was already deteriorating from the late 10th century, broke down with the later, stricter, muslim sects.
roman, jewish, and muslim culture interacted in plex ways. a large part of the population gradually adopted arabic. arabic was the official language of government. even jews and christians often spoke arabic, while hebrew and latin were frequently written in arabic script. these diverse traditions interchanged in ways that gave spanish culture — religion, literature, music, art and architecture, and writing systems - a rich and distinctive heritage. however, as the 11th century drew to a close most of the north and centre of spain was back under christian control.
[edit] fall of muslim rule and unification
main article: reconquista
equal partners: ferdinand ii of aragon and isabella i of castilethe long period of expansion of the christian kingdoms, beginning in 722 with the muslim defeat in the battle of covadonga and the creation of the christian kingdom of asturias, only eleven years after the moorish invasion, is called the reconquista. as early as 739 muslim forces were driven out of galicia, which came to host one of christianity's holiest sites, santiago de compostela. areas in the northern mountains and around barcelona were soon captured by frankish and local forces, providing a base for spain's christians. the 1085 conquest of the central city of toledo largely pleted the reconquest of the northern half of spain.
in 1086 the almoravids, an ascetic islamic sect from north africa, conquered the divided *** all moorish states in the south and launched an invasion in which they captured the east coast as far north as saragossa. by the middle of the 12th century the almoravid empire had disintegrated. the battle of las navas de tolosa in 1212 heralded the collapse of the great moorish strongholds in the south, most notably córdoba in 1236 and seville in 1248. within a few years of this nearly the whole of the iberian peninsula had been reconquered, leaving only the muslim enclave of granada as a *** all tributary state in the south. surrounded by christian castile but afraid of another invasion from muslim northern africa, it clung tenaciously to its isolated mountain splendour for o and half centuries. it came to an end in 1492 when isabella and ferdinand captured the southern city of granada, the last moorish city in spain. the treaty of granada[3] guaranteed religious tolerance toward muslims while spain's jewish population of over 200,000 people was expelled that year. at ferdinand's urging the spanish inquisition had been established in 1478. with a history of being invaded by three islamic empires (ummayad, almoravid and almohad), there was a fear that muslims might assist yet another invasion. also, aragonese labourers were angered by landlords' use of moorish workers to undercut them. a 1499 muslim uprising, triggered by forced conversions, was crushed and was followed by the first of the expulsions of muslims, in 1502. the year 1492 was also marked by the discovery of the new world. isabella i funded the voyages of christopher columbus. ferdinand and isabella, as exemplars of the renaissance new monarchs, consolidated the modernization of their respective economies that had been pursued by their predecessors and enforced reforms that weakened the position of the great magnates against the new centralized crowns. in their contests with the french army in the italian wars, spanish forces under gonzalo fernández de córdoba eventually achieved success, against the french knights, thereby revolutionizing warfare. the bined spanish kingdoms of castile and aragon, long vibrant and expansive, emerged as a european great power.
the reconquest from the muslims is one of the most significant events in spanish history since the fall of the roman empire. arabic quickly lost its place in southern spain's life, and was replaced by castilian. the process of religious conversion which started with the arrival of the moors was reversed from the mid 13th century as the reconquista was advancing south: as this happened the muslim population either fled or forcefully converted into catholici *** , mosques and synagogues were converted into churches.
with the union of castile and aragón in 1479 and the subsequent conquest of granada in 1492 and navarre in 1512, the word spain (españa, in spanish) began being used only to refer to the new unified kingdom and not to the whole of hispania (the term hispania (from which españa was originally derived) is latin and the term iberia greek).
[edit] from the renaissance to the nieenth century
main article: hab *** urg spain
main article: enlightenment spain
until the late fifteenth century, castile and león, aragón and navarre were independent states, with independent languages, monarchs, armies and, in the case of aragon and castile, o empires: the former with one in the mediterranean and the latter with a new, rapidly growing, one in the americas. the process of political unification continued into the early 16th century. it was the unification of these separate iberian empires that became the base of what is now referred to as the spanish empire.
目录方法1：掌握基础1、学习西班牙字母。2、学习数数。3、背诵简单的词汇。4、学习一些基本的对话短语。方法2：学习基本语法1、学习如何变位规则动词。2、学习常见的、不规则动词的变形。3、学习西班牙语的性别规则。4、学习如何使用定冠词和不定冠词。方法3：让自己沉浸于语言学习中1、找一个讲西班牙的母语。2、尝试报名参加语言课程。3、观看西班牙电影和动画片。4、听西班牙音乐和收音机。5、了解西班牙文化。6、考虑到西班牙或其他讲西班牙语的国家旅行。7、不要灰心！如果你认真对待西班牙语学习，就继续保持——掌握第二种语言所能得到的满足感，将远远大于前进道路上遇到的困难。西班牙语是一种美丽、历史悠久的语言，全球有超过500万的人讲西班牙语。这是讲英语的人比较容易学会的语言之一，因为两种语言有共同的拉丁词根。虽然学习任何新的语言都需要时间和专注，但当你第一次和一位西班牙人恰当交谈后，你会感到满足，所有的付出就值得了！这里有一些如何学习讲西班牙语好主意——同时也在这个过程中享受到乐趣！
方法1：掌握基础
1、学习西班牙字母。虽然西班牙的字母几乎与英语上所使用的字母一样，但每个字母的发音是很难的。正确的发音是英语学习者要学习西班牙语最难掌握的部分，因此学习如何完美发音是讲学习西班牙语的良好开端！当你懂得了所有字母的发音，那么学习整个词和短语的发音将容易得多。请参阅下面每个西班牙的音标发音：a = ah, b = beh, c = seh, d = deh, e = eh, f = eh-feh, g = heh, h = ah-cheh, i = ee
j = hoh-tah, k = kah, l = eh-leh, m = eh-meh, n = eh-neh, ? = eh-nyeh, o = oh
p = peh, q = koo, r = eh-reh, s = eh-seh, t = teh, u = oo, v = oo-beh
w = oo-bleh-doubleh, x = eh-kees, y = ee gree-eh-gah 以及 z = theh-tah.
请注意，英语字母中唯一不存在的西班牙字母就是?，发音为“eh-nyeh”。这是一个完全独立的字母，最接近英语中的“canyon”中“ny”的发音。
2、学习数数。懂得如何数数是掌握每一种语言的基本技能。数数在西班牙语学习中不是很难，因为西班牙语中的数字和英语相似。数字1到10中列出如下：1= uno，2= dos, 3= tres，4= cuatro，5= cinco，5= seis，7 = siete，8 = ocho，9 = nieve，10 = diez.
你也应该要注意数字1——“uno” ——它用在男性或女性的名词前面需要改变其形式。例如，“一个男人”的读法是“un hombre”，而“一个女孩”的读法是'“una chica”'。
3、背诵简单的词汇。你储存的词汇量越多，就越能够流利地讲一种语言。尽量让自己熟悉多一些日常的西班牙语单词——你会惊讶于词汇量是能够这样快速累积！做到这一点最简单的方法之一就是使用同源词——指的是那些在两种语言间有相似意思、拼写和发音的词。学习西班牙语中与英文同源的词是一个很好的方式，让你迅速提高词汇量，因为30％-40％的英语单词都有西班牙同源词。
对于无同源词的，可尝试使用其中一种记忆方法：当你听到一个英语单词，想想用西班牙语怎么说。如果你不知道，就记下来，之后再去查字典。就此而言，随身携带笔记本会很方便。另外，尽量将你房子里的东西都贴上西班牙语标签，如镜子、茶几和糖果罐。经常看到的话，在你没有意识到之前就已经学会这些词了！
重要的是要学习将一个单词或词组在‘西班牙语到英语’以及‘英语到西班牙语’的转换。这样，你会记得怎么讲，而不只是在听到那些词的时候才辨认出来。
4、学习一些基本的对话短语。通过学习基本的礼貌交谈，你会非常迅速地学会简单的西班牙语会话。在笔记本上记下一些日常的西班牙语短语，并计划每天学习10到15个。以下是一些例子：你好！= ?hola! ——发音为 "oh-lah"
是= sí ——发音为 "see"
不= no ——发音为 "no"
谢谢！= ?gracias! ——发音为 "grah-thee-ahs"
请= por favor ——发音为 "pohr fah-bohr"
你的名字是什么？= ?cómo se llama usted? ——发音为"koh-moh seh yah-mah oos-tehd"
我的名字是?? = me llamo... ——发音为"meh yah-moh"
很高兴见到你 = mucho gusto ——发音为"moo-choh goos-toh"
等会见！= ?hasta luego! ——发音为"ahs-tah loo-eh-goh"
再见= ?adiós! ——发音为"ah-dee-ohs"
方法2：学习基本语法
1、学习如何变位规则动词。学习如何活用动词是正确说西班牙语的一个重要组成部分。变位的意思是使用动词的不定式（如说话、吃饭），改变它的形式以表示“谁”在执行一个动作，以及“什么时候”执行此动作。当学习如何活用西班牙语动词时，最好从规则动词的现在时学起。西班牙语规则动词全部词尾都是“-ar”，“-er”或“-ir”，每个词的变形方法取决于词语的词尾。以下解释各种类型规则动词的变形：以“-ar”结尾的动词。“hablar”是西班牙语“讲”的不定式形式。要变成现在时，你只需要去掉“-ar”，并添加不同的后缀，后缀因不同代词的变化而变化。例如："我讲"变成yo hablo
"你讲（非正式文体）"变成tú hablas
"你讲（正式文体）"变成usted habla
"他/她讲"变成él/ella habla
"我们讲"变成nosotros/as hablamos
"你们讲（非正式文体）"变成vosotros/as habláis
"你们讲（正式文体）"变成ustedes hablan
"他们讲"变成ellos/ellas hablan
这里你可以看到，6个不同的后缀是-o、-as、-a、-amos、-áis和-an。这些后缀在每一个以"-ar"结尾的规则动词的使用上都是一样的，如bailar（跳舞），buscar（寻找），comprar（买）和trabajar（工作）。
以"-er"结尾的动词。comer是西班牙语中“吃“的不定式。要变成现在时，则去掉“-er”，然后根据所指代名词添加-o、-es、e、 - emos、éis 或-en。例如："我吃"变成yo como
"你吃（非正式文体）"变成tú comes
"你吃（正式文体）"变成usted come
"他/她吃"变成él/ella come
"我们吃"变成nosotros/as comemos
"你们吃（非正式文体）" 变成vosotros/as coméis
"你们吃（正式文体）"变成ustedes comen
"他们吃"变成ellos/ellas comen
这6个后缀在每一个以"-er"结尾的规则动词的使用上都是一样，如aprender（学习），beber（喝），leer（阅读）和vender（卖）。
以“-ir”结尾的动词。vivir是西班牙语动词“住”的不定式。要变成现在时，去掉“-ir”，并添加-o、-es、e、 - emos、éis 或-en。例如："我住在"变成yo vivo
"你住在（非正式文体）"变成tú vives
"你住在（正式文体）"变成usted vive
"他/她住在"变成él/ella vive
"我们住在"变成nosotros/as vivimos
"你们住在（非正式文体）"变成vosotros/as vivís
"你们住在（正式文体）"变成ustedes viven
"他们住在"变成ellos/ellas viven
这6个后缀在每一个以"-ir"结尾的规则动词的使用上都是一样，如abrir（打开），escribir（写），insistir（坚持）和recibir（收到）
一旦你掌握了现在时态，你就可以继续学习其他时态，如将来时、过去时、不完全过去时和条件式。同样的基本方法是根据不同的代名词，在不定式的词干后添加不同的后缀。
2、学习常见的、不规则动词的变形。当你掌握了规则动词的变形，这已经是很好的开始了。但你要明白，不是所有动词的变形都可以使用一般规则——另外还有许多不规则动词，每一个都有独特的变形，不遵循任何规则或理由。不幸的是，一些最常见的日常动词——如ser（是），estar（是），ir（去）和haber（有） ——都是不规则动词。最好就是用心学习这些动词：ser 。“ser”是一个西班牙语中其中一个可以译为“是”的动词。 “ser”用于描述某样东西的基本特征——例如，用于物理、时间和日期的描述，也用于描述人物、性格及其他东西。它的主要用法是描述“某东西”是什么。这个词的现在时变形如下："我是"变成yo soy
"你是（非正式文体）"变成tú eres
"你是（正式文体）"变成usted es
"他/她是"变成él/ella es
"我们是"变成nosotros/as somos
"你们是（非正式文体）"变成vosotros/as sois
"你们是（正式文体）"变成ustedes son
"他们是"变成ellos/ellas son
“estar”。动词“estar”也表示“是”的意思，但与“ser”不一样，用在不同的上下文中。 “estar”用于表示状态——例如，它被用来形容有条件的状态，如感觉、情绪和情感，以及相对别的东西，一个人或事物的位置。这个词还用于形容某东西“如何”。现在时变形如下："我是"变成yo estoy
"你是（非正式文体）"变成tú estás
你是（正式文体）"变成usted está
"他/她是"变成él/ella está
"我们是"变成nosotros/as estamos
"你们是（非正式文体）"变成vosotros/as estáis
"你们是（正式文体）"变成ustedes están
"他们是"变成ellos/ellas están
“ir”。“ir”这个词的意思是“去”。现在时变形方式如下："我去"变成yo voy
"你去（非正式文体）"变成tú vas
"你去（正式文体）"变成usted va
"他/她去"变成él/ella va
"我们去"变成nosotros/as vamos
"你们去（非正式文体）"变成vosotros/as vais
"你们去（正式文体）"变成ustedes van
"他们去"变成ellos/ellas van
“haber”。动词“haber”可根据上下文被翻译成“我有”或者“我做了”。现在时变形如下：我有（做了）"变成yo he
"你有（做了）（非正式文体）"变成tú has
"你有（做了）（正式文体）"变成usted ha
"他/她有（做了）"变成él/ella ha
"我们有（做了）"变成nosotros/as hemos
"你们有（做了）（非正式文体）"变成vosotros/as habéis
"你们有（做了）（正式文体）"变成ustedes han
"他们有（做了）"变成ellos/ellas han
3、学习西班牙语的性别规则。在西班牙语中，跟许多其他的语言一样，每一个名词指定一种性别，分别为阳性或阴性。没有确定的方式可以从声音或拼写中区分一个名词是阳性或阴性，所以要学习词语的话，就很有必要学习其性别。然而，在某些情况下，就连一个受过良好教育的人也需要猜测一个名词是阳性还是阴性。例如，“女孩”这个词是阴性的， la chica ，而“男孩”这个词是阳性的， el chico ——但此规则仍有很多例外。
此外，以字母“o”结尾的名词，如'el libro （书），通常表示阳性，以“a”结尾的单词，如 la revista （杂志）则通常是阴性词。不过，也有许多名词不以“a”或“o”结尾，因此，这个规则并不总是有帮助。
任何用于修饰名词的形容词还必须与名词的性别一致，因此，根据名词的性别不同，形容词也需变形。
4、学习如何使用定冠词和不定冠词。在英语中，只有一个定冠词“the”，和三个不定冠词“a”，“an”或“some”。然而，在西班牙语中，每组有四个。说话者使用哪一个将取决于他们指的是阳性还是阴性，单数还是复数。例如，西班牙语中的 “雄猫（单数）”，你将需要使用定冠词“el”——“el gato”。当提到“雄猫（复数）”，则使用定冠词“los ”——“los gatos”。
当指代的是猫的阴性形式，定冠词再次发生变化。 “雌猫（单数）”使用定冠词“la”——“la gata”，而“雌猫（复数）”使用定冠词“las”——“las gatas”。
四种形式的不定冠词用法都一样——“un”用于阳性单数，“unos”用于阳性复数，“una”用于阴性单数，“unas”用于阴性复数。
方法3：让自己沉浸于语言学习中
1、找一个讲西班牙的母语。提高你的语言技能的最佳途径之一，就是与母语练口语。他们将能够轻松纠正你犯的语法或发音错误，可以给你介绍更多非正式或通俗用语，这些你都不能在教科书中找到。如果你有一个愿意帮助你的、讲西班牙语的朋友，这就太棒了！不然的话，你可以在当地的报纸或网上登广告或调查，看该地区是否已经存在有西班牙语口语小组。
如果你在附近找不到讲西班牙语的人，可尝试在skype上找人。他们可能愿意跟你交换，跟你讲15分钟西班牙语，再讲15分钟英语。
2、尝试报名参加语言课程。如果你需要额外的动力，或者感觉自己在更正式的环境下能学得更好，可以尝试报名参加西班牙语课程。研究当地广告中的语言课程、学校或社区中心。
如果你对自己一个人去报名参加课程感到紧张，可以拉一位朋友一起去。这样会更加有趣，也有人在课堂间跟你练习。
3、观看西班牙电影和动画片。去弄一些西班牙语的dvd（带字幕）或在线观看西班牙动画片。这是一个轻松、有趣的方式，让你感受西班牙语的发音和结构。如果你特别积极，可尝试在一个简单的句子后暂停视频，重复念出刚刚的句子。这会让你的西班牙语口音更加地道！
如果你不能买不到任何西班牙影碟，可以尝试从影片出租店里租，这些店通常会有外语区。另外，看看当地的图书馆是否有西班牙影碟，或者询问他们是否能够为你提供一些资源。
4、听西班牙音乐和收音机。听西班牙音乐和/或收音机是另一种让这种语言包围你的很好方式。即使你无法明白里面的全部内容，也可以尽量挑选关键字，帮助你理解其中的要旨。在你的手机装上西班牙收音应用软件，这样你就能随时听到了。
尝试下载西班牙语播客，在运动或者做功课之时听听。
亚历杭德罗?桑斯，夏奇拉和恩里克?伊格莱西亚斯都是一些西班牙语中好的歌手。
5、了解西班牙文化。语言存在于文化对话中，所以某些表达和思想都与文化渊源密不可分。文化的研究也可能有助于防止社交上的误解。
6、考虑到西班牙或其他讲西班牙语的国家旅行。当你觉得能自在说出基本的西班牙语的时候，可以考虑到西班牙或其他讲西班牙语的国家旅行。再也没有比把自己沉浸在语言当地中更好的方式了，而不是仅仅是跟母语的人出去或者交流！要知道，每一个讲西班牙语的国家都有不同的口音、不同的俚语，有时甚至有不同的词汇。例如，智利西班牙语和墨西哥以及西班牙的西班牙语是非常不一样的，甚至还跟阿根廷西班牙语也不同。
事实上，如果你的西班牙语水平有进步，你会发现专注于一种特定的西班牙语言是很有帮助的。如果你的课堂总是在不同国家的词义和发音中转移，很可能会造成混乱。如果你不确定使用哪种形式的西班牙语，那么就坚持学习标准的西班牙语，因为它是最中立的。
7、不要灰心！如果你认真对待西班牙语学习，就继续保持——掌握第二种语言所能得到的满足感，将远远大于前进道路上遇到的困难。学习一门新的语言，需要时间和实践，这无法在一夜之间达成。如果你还需要一些额外的动力，以下有一些提示，让学习西班牙语比其他语言更容易：西班牙语采用主题-对象-动词的语序，就像英语一样。这意味着，直接从英语翻译到西班牙语是很容易的，而不需担心重新排列句子结构。
西班牙语是非常音形一致的语言，所以，单词的正确发音是非常容易的，只要像拼写一样去发音。但英语的情况就不一样了，因此，西班牙语的英语学习者就更难在读的时候正确发音了！
正如前面提到的，约30％至40％的西班牙语单词都有一个英语同源词。这是因为他们有共同的拉丁词根。结果是，甚至在你开始学些之前，你就已经有一个很大的西班牙语词汇了——你只需要做一些调整和练习西班牙语的鼻音！
小提示把简单的句子片段串起来，形成复杂的句子。举例来说，“我要吃饭”，“我饿了”是很简单的，但他们可以稍加修改结合起来，说，“我现在想吃东西，因为我饿了。”
多关注西班牙语发音，因为你必须要拼写出来，比如“b”和“d”在一个单词的开始和中间的发音不同。如果你好好利用你的耳朵，那么可以有意识地修改你的口音，别像屠夫口音一般。
练习语言学习的所有四个组成部分。要学习一门新的语言，你需要练习阅读、写作、听力和口语。确保你在语言学习中把时间都分配到位。
在一种基于拉丁语的语言中（意大利语、西班牙语和法语等），许多词与另一种语言非常相似。学习语言间的转换规则（比如以“-ible”结尾的英语单词，像是“possible”，跟西班牙语是一样的，唯一的不同是发音）。只需要简单的转换，你就可能已经拥有2000字的西班牙语词汇。
试着找一位第一语言为西班牙语的朋友或同事。他或她也许可以指导你语言中的细微差别，这在任何一本书或学习材料中可能都找不到。
当你想尝试西班牙语思维以及验证你的准确性时，随身携带电子翻译可能是相当有用的。
读，读，读！这是让你精通一门语言的最好方式，因为阅读的书籍会涉及语言的许多方面——词汇、语法、流行的短语和表达。阅读高于你的水平的东西可能会更困难，但却比阅读低于你的水平的东西更有价值。
警告学习一门新的语言需要时间和专注。所谓种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。不要感到沮丧，在学习中找到乐趣！
学习任何新语言的唯一途径是讲。大声说出口，即使只是说给自己听。让自己体会一下那听起来的感觉。
关于西班牙语等级划分，学西语要学到什么级别比较好的问题简单回答一下
比较通用的是按照欧标的等级划分的，分a1.a2.b1.b2.c1.c2.每个级别对应不同难度的内容，越高级别越难。
a1这个级别你将学习简单的日常表达，目的是可以理解并表述。
a2在结束这个级别的学习之后，你将可以开展简单的社会活动。
b1在结束这个级别的学习之后，你将可以适当地在一些日常的话题中进行交流。你将有能力流利并正确地表达过去时，现在时和将来时，同时也会认知一些虚拟式的用法。
b2顺利通过这个级别之后，你将基本具备进入大学学习所要求的语言能力。你将可以掌握西班牙语，你所掌握的足够让你可以在生活中不需要专业词汇的一般情景里进行交流。
c1顺利通过这个级别之后，你将可以运用西班牙语流利、自然地进行交流，可以实用口头（对话和辩论）和书面语（介绍信，简历，新闻稿等等）表述结构清晰的复杂文章。
c2这个级别我们准备让你几乎可以像母语为西班牙语的人那样表达，在任何情景下都可以使用准确和适当的词汇。
非常感谢您阅读关于西班牙简单介绍的介绍。如果您想了解更多关于西班牙简单介绍和西班牙简单介绍的信息，建议您在本站进行搜索。
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